三维非线性有限元与弹性边界元耦合数值方法

本文系统地讨论了以下三个问题:(1) 有限元与边界元耦合中的几个数值问题,其中包括:边界积分方程的凝聚、等效刚度矩阵的对称化及面力不连续的处理;(2) 弹塑性有限元与弹性边界元的耦合;(3) 弹粘塑性有限元与弹性边界元的耦合及数值计算稳定性条件。     

盾构叠交隧道地层移动分析

用盾构法在软土中建造叠交隧道有一个重要现象：当一条隧道在另一条相邻隧道上方掘进时，在没有欠挖或过量压浆等施工因素的影响下地面仍然会隆起。中对此作了探讨，依据弹性理论提出一个地面隆起变形公式，将该公式与地面沉降的派克(Peck)公式进行叠加，建立了盾构叠交隧道地层移动的数学模型，分析了黄浦江行人观光隧道掘进跨越上海地铁2号线时的地层移动，计算结果与现场测试相符合。     

单轴条件下砂岩三维破裂过程的CT观测

岩石破裂过程研究一直是岩石力学专家关注的重要问题。本文采用特制的三轴压力仪与医用西门子SOMATOM -plusCT扫描仪结合 ,对砂岩进行了室内单轴压缩试验。通过对砂岩的CT图像和密度损伤增量与应力关系曲线分析 ,结果显示 ,砂岩的破裂演化过程可分为初始损伤的压密、裂纹出现—扩展、裂纹归并—分岔、裂纹重分岔—扩展以及裂纹惯通—宏观破坏等五个阶段。在初始损伤的压密阶段 ,砂岩的密度损伤增量为正值 ,速率也为正 ;在裂纹出现—扩展阶段 ,砂岩出现局部密度损伤增量减小 ,并随应力增加而由正值转为负值 ,速率也由正变负 ;在裂纹归并—分岔阶段 ,砂岩的密度损伤增量全为负值 ,速率也变快 ;在裂纹重分岔—扩展阶段 ,砂岩的密度损伤增量继续变负 ,但速率变慢 ;在裂纹惯通—宏观破坏阶段 ,砂岩的密度损伤增量继续变负 ,速率变的更快。     

Propagation of converging and diverging shock waves under isothermal condition

In this article the flows of perfect gas behind converging and diverging strong shock waves under isothermal condition in the cases of spherical and cylindrical symmetry are examined. A diverging shock wave is formed by energy supply according to a power law. These waves propagate in a uniform medium at rest and all conservation laws hold at the fronts of these shock waves. It was established that in the case of converging waves for any value of the ratios of specific heats the solution of the problem under consideration exists and is unique. When the problem has more than one solution. In the case of diverging shock waves the solution exists and is unique for any from the interval and any value of power in the energy input law. Received 4 August 1996 / Accepted 28 May 1996     

ON THE METHOD OF ORTHOGONALITY CONDITIONS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF LARGE DEFLECTION OF CIRCULAR PLATE

In this paper,we reexamine the method of successive approximation presented byProf.Chien Wei-zang for solving the problem of large deflection of a circular plate,and findthat the method could be regarded as the method of strained parameters in the singularperturbation theory.In terms of the parameter representing the ratio of the centerdeflection to the thickness of the plate,we make the asymptotic expansions of thedeflection,membrane stress and the parameter of load as in Ref.[1],and then give theorthogonality conditions(i.e.the solvability conditions)for the resulting equations,bywhich the stiffness characteristics of the plate could be determined.It is pointed out thatwith the solutions for the small deflection problem of the circular plate and theorthogonality conditions,we can derive the third order approximate relations between theparameter of load and the center deflection and the first-term approximation of membranestresses at the center and edge of the plate without solving the differential equ     

Assessing and predicting changes in vegetation cover associated with military land use activities using field monitoring data at Fort Hood, Texas

We assessed short-term impacts of changes in military training load on vegetative cover at Fort Hood, TX. From 1989 to 1995, permanent field transects were monitored for vegetative cover and land use disturbance using standard army monitoring methods [Land Condition Trend Analysis (LCTA)]. Land use intensity (training load) was quantified and used to develop a model to predict future vegetation cover values. We found that standard Army monitoring methods detected changes in installation resources associated with changes in training load. Increased training loads were associated with increased measures of disturbance, decreased ground cover, and decreased aerial vegetative cover. We found that the spatial pattern of disturbance and vegetation cover remained relatively constant over the study period despite large variations in overall training load. Our model used the consistency in spatial cover patterns over time and the strong relationship between training load and vegetation cover to predict the impact of future training loads on vegetation.     

Formulation of a Hysteretic Restoring Force Model. Application to Vibration Isolation

This article focuses on the formulation of a hysteretic model used as anisolator restoring force model. The proposed model is based on operatorgoverning input and output functions that depend on the deflection andthe restoring force of the isolator. First, the mathematical formulationis demonstrated, then the hysteretic model proposed is applied toisolators having different types of behavior. The model parameters aresought using the experimental force-deflection loop of each of theisolators studied. Next, the transient response of a flexible structuremounted on an all-metal isolator is predicted by coupling the firstorder differential equation of the restoring force and the second orderdifferential equations of the structure's motion. The experimentalinvestigation validates the proposed hysteretic model applied to theall-metal mount.     

A class of two-level explicit difference schemes for solving three dimensional heat conduction equation

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｄｅａｌｓｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｉｎｉｔｉａｌ＿ｂｏｕｎｄａｒｙｖａｌｕｅｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｏｆｔｈｒｅｅ＿ｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌｈｅａｔｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅｒｅｇｉｏｎＤ :0≤ｘ,ｙ ,ｚ≤Ｌ ,0 ≤ｔ≤Ｔ ｕ ｔ= 2 ｕ ｘ2 2 ｕ ｙ2 2 ｕ ｚ2 ,ｕ｜ｘ=0 =ｆ1(ｙ,ｚ,ｔ) ,　ｕ｜ｘ=Ｌ =ｆ2 (ｙ ,ｚ,ｔ) ,ｕ｜ｙ=0 =ｇ1(ｚ,ｘ,ｔ) ,　ｕ｜ｙ=Ｌ =ｇ2 (ｚ,ｘ,ｔ) ,ｕ｜ｚ=0 =ｈ1(ｘ ,ｙ ,ｔ) ,　ｕ｜ｚ=Ｌ =ｈ2 (ｘ ,ｙ ,ｔ) ,ｕ｜ｔ=0 =φ(ｘ ,ｙ,ｚ) .(1 )(2 )…     

西气东输管道工程中卫黄河穿越隧道场地工程地质条件评价

西气东输工程中卫黄河穿越隧道长1197.77m,高4.3m,宽5.6m。隧道入口高于黄河水位28m,出口高于黄河水位45m。隧道顶板高程为1130m。位于黄河水下100m。隧道场地围岩为寒武系磨盘井组灰绿色、银灰色浅变质中厚层细粒长石石英砂岩、千枚状板岩、绢云母化千枚岩。围岩为弱风化Ⅲ～Ⅳ类岩石。透水率为4～67Lu,纵波波速为500～3300m.s^-1。BQ为300～400。变形模量为6.11～9.22GPa。泊松比（μ）0.14～0.24。内摩擦角（ψ）为42.1°～44.7°。地下水为基岩裂隙水。含水层为寒武系浅变质岩,受大气降水渗入补给,单井涌水量为1.0～50m³.d^-1。隧道轴线穿越区岩体较完整—较破碎,未有全新活动断层。隧道位置选择和开挖深度设计是可行的。施工和长期运营是安全的。     

Ill-posedness at the boundary for elastic solids sliding under Coulomb friction

We consider an incompressible neo-Hookean elastic solid sliding on a rigid surface under the influence of Coulomb friction. It is shown that ill-posedness at the boundary due to failure of Agmon's condition can occur. If the friction coefficient is greater than one, this is the case even in the limit of linear elasticity. The effect of a dependence of the friction force on the sliding velocity is also considered.